Desmopressin (DDAVP) (Nasal Spray)

Desmopressin is a synthetic analog of arginine-vasopressin (AVP). It acts primarily via V2 receptors in the kidneys, increasing water reabsorption. Nasal administration has documented clinical response in approved indications.

• Approved drug (FDA, EMA) in nasal form
• Used for central diabetes insipidus
• Doses: 10–40 mcg/day intranasally
• Requires a medical prescription

• Desmopressin (DDAVP) is a drug approved by the FDA and EMA as a nasal spray.
• It is used clinically for central diabetes insipidus, nocturnal enuresis, and hemophilia A.
• Nasal bioavailability is ~3–5%, but clinical efficacy is well-documented.

• Approved commercial formulations are widely available (DDAVP Nasal Spray, Stimate).
• Strictly by medical prescription — not intended for self-administration.

• Room temperature (20–25°C) or refrigeration.
• Use within 6 months after first opening.

• 10–40 mcg daily intranasally, adjusted according to clinical response.

• Room temperature or refrigeration.
• Avoid freezing.

• Approved drug — by medical prescription only.
• Risk of hyponatremia in case of overdose.
• Requires electrolyte monitoring.

Potential Benefits

• Approved therapy for central diabetes insipidus
• Effective for nocturnal enuresis
• Non-invasive administration

Potential Side Effects

• Hyponatremia (serious — requires monitoring)
• Headache
• Nasal congestion
• Nausea

1. Desmopressin nasal spray — FDA Prescribing Information — Approved FDA prescribing information
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2. Pharmaceutical Research (2019) — Desmopressin Nasal Spray PK/PD — Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of a micro-dose nasal spray formulation of desmopressin (AV002)
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